Microscope

Microscope

The microscope is an opticoment  by which an object can be magnifiel.The object which can not seen . it can easily be seen under a microscope.

Types of microscopes:

  1. Simple microscope
  2. Compound microscope.
(a)    Monocular microscope
(b)   Binocular microscope.
(c)    Trinocular microscope
  1. Electron microscope
  2. Phase contrast microscope.
  3. Ultraviolet microscope
  4. Fluorescent microscope.

Parts of the compound microscope:

Its parts:
  1. Stand
  2. The mechanical adjustment.
  3. The optics or the lenses
  4. The stand consists of
i.     Tube or body tube .
ii.    Body
iii.   Arm
iv.   Stage→ mechanical stage.
v.    Substance → Hold the condenser lens, holder form light
vi.   Foot
vii.  Mechanical adjustment
viii.Focusing adjustment
→ Coarse adjustment
→ Fine adjustment
ix.Draw tube
x.Inclination
xi.Condenser adjustment
xii. Aperture adjustment.
xiii.Mirror.
xiv.Mechanical adjustment.
xv.The optics or the lenses.
xvi.Eyepiece → e.g.,→5х ,10х,15х,
xvii.Objective→ e.g.,→10х,40х,100х,

Working principle of a microscope:

A microscope is a magnifying instrument. The magnified image of the object is first produced by a lens close to the object called the objective .this collects light from the specimen and forms the primary image   .
A second lens near the eye called the eyepiece enlarges the primary image, converting it into one that can center the pupil on the eye.  
The magnification of the objective multiplied by that of the eyepiece, gives the total magnification of the image seen in microscopes having a mechanical tube length of 160 mm . The MTL is the distance between the shoulder of an objective and the rim of the eye –piece.   
Example                                  Eyepiece                             Total      
Objective                             magnification                                magnification
Magnification
10 х                                     10 х                                                100diameters
40 х                                    10 х                                               400diameters
100 х                                       10 х                                                    1000diameters