Role of the Laboratory, integration And Apparatus



Role of the Laboratory and its integration

The medical laboratory is one of the cornerstones of modern medicine. Clinical laboratory tests have become a key in most diagnostic procedure. The laboratory has an important role in improving the health care system by maintaining. 
   # Quality
   # Efficiency
   # Cost effectiveness.
   # Planning and management in health care system,

   A. Laboratory can improve the quality of health care system by following ways: 

  >Laboratory investigations increases the accuracy of disease diagnosis and thus lead to>
   -Correct treatment with reduction of misuse and waste of drugs.
   -Decrease morbidity and mortality.
   -Increase confidence and motivation of health personnel. 
   >The laboratory has an essential role in screening for ill health and assessing response to treatment 
   >Laboratory is needed to work with other in reducing infection in the community and investigating epidemics  rapidly.The function of health laboratory service includes:
   -Detecting the source of infection, identifying carriers and contact teaching.

B. Laboratory can contribute to achieve efficiency and cost effectiveness in health care system by following ways: 

>The laboratory can help to reduce expenditure on drugs. After getting laboratory investigation reports the accuracy of diagnosis improves. 

>The laboratory can lower health care cost by identifying disease at an Charley stage. 

>Significant savings can be made when the laboratory participates in local disease surveillance and control. 

>Laboratory provides information to achieve national health planning and good health management.

Centrifuge machine


Define: centrifuge is a instrument which are designed to accelerate the sedimentation processes by using centrifuge force.


Type: there are two types:

  1.     The swing out head type

  2.     The angel out head type


Use of centrifuge:


        I.            The separation of plasma and serum from RBC

       II.            The separation of sediment in urine

      III.            Separation of protein free filtrate

      IV.            Washing RBC by normal slain


Parts of centrifuge machine:


  a.     Head

  b.     Chamber

  c.      Power switch

  d.     Speed control   

  e.     Timers



Hot air oven
Define : hot air oven is one of the most common instrument use for strilization in the laboratory is colled hot air oven.


Use of hot air oven :


  1.     all glaes wares like petridis,test tube glaes slide.

  2.     Oily substance like fat greez are strilized by hot air oven

  3.     Serological instruments strilized by hot air oven

  4.     Swab stick are also strilized by hot air oven


Prosses of strilized by hot air oven:


  1.     The oven is heated by electricity and is fixed with there start

  2.     Maintaned a constant temperature (1600 C) in the inside air

  3.     Maintaned for 1 hour

  4.     It leads to strilization





Incubator


Define : incubator is a chamber with controled temparature and hiemifity for the care of prematurely born infants is colled incubator.


Parts of incubator:


  1.     Power switch

  2.     A dore

  3.     Two walls

  4.     Rack

  5.     Operating botom with display


Use of incubator :

  1.     Usr for culture media preparation

  2.     Use for biochemical test


Operating of incubator :


  1. Power switch on

  2. Plase the particals of culture media on the rack

  3. Closed the door

  4. Objust the required tempareture